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The battery commonly used in ships, namely lead-acid battery, can output electrical energy through the reversible conversion of chemical energy and electrical energy. It has the characteristics of large capacity, simple maintenance and reliable operation. It is widely used in ships as an energy source for emergency equipment and is an important part of ships. one of the devices. However, if the battery in the ship is in an incorrect charge and discharge state for a long time, the plate inside the battery will be prematurely vulcanized and its capacity will be greatly reduced, which usually does not appear in the standby state.
However, boat battery is an important power source for emergency equipment. They are not used under normal conditions, and it is not easy to find faults in the batteries. When used in an emergency, the aging of the batteries will cause major failures that the equipment cannot be started. For a long time, such examples have been compared All are. Under normal circumstances, ship electricians often lack due attention to battery maintenance, and even if they pay attention, they may not know clearly the cause and operation of lead-acid battery vulcanization and emergency disposal after vulcanization. Talking about this aspect, if it can inspire the electrical engineer, it will be beneficial to the maintenance of the ship's battery.
(1) Lack of electrolyte. Due to the excessive evaporation of distilled water (or pure water) or the accidental pouring of the electrolyte without replenishing it in time, the liquid level is too low, and the upper part of the electrode plate is exposed for a long time, resulting in vulcanization of the upper part of the electrode plate.
(2) The electrolyte is impure. Under normal circumstances, the use of unqualified electrolyte will make the lead-acid battery VRLA scrapped in about a year.
(3) The battery is often over-discharged or deep-discharged with a small current, which will generate more lead sulfate in the depth of the plate.
(4) Due to lack of regular overcharging, or frequent undercharging, more or less lead sulfate remains in the active material that cannot be reduced.
(5) The density of the electrolyte is too high or the temperature is too high or too low.
(6) There is a short circuit fault inside that has not been eliminated in time.
(7) Under the condition of semi-discharge or discharge (such as leakage) for a long time.
(8) After discharge (referring to about half of the power being discharged or the voltage being 22V or below, or the electrolyte indicating that the indicator has reached the yellow part), the charging cannot be replenished in time.
(1) When the lead-acid battery VRLA is charged, the bubbles appear earlier, and the density of the electrolyte does not reach the specified standard. Electrolyte density in different regions and temperature conditions.
(2) The temperature of the electrolyte during charging is higher than that of the battery with no vulcanized plates.
(3) During discharge, the terminal voltage drops rapidly, and the electrolyte density drops below the normal value.
(4) The capacity is significantly reduced.
(5) The color of the polar plates is abnormal, the positive plates are light brown (some are white), the negative plates are gray-white, and the surfaces of the positive and negative plates are hardened into sand.
