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Here we show some abbreviations of some usually seen batteries to help you read the website content.
VRLA -Valve regulated lead-acid battery
SLA -Sealed Lead-acid.
UPS-Uninterruptible Power Supply.
CCV-Closed-circuit voltage.
OCV-Open-circuit voltage.
EOD-End of discharge.
20hr Rate-The capacity a battery will deliver over 20hrs
Definitions
Active Material
The substance electrochemically reacts in the electrode of batteries. Lead-acid batteries adopt lead dioxide for the positive electrode and spongy lead for the negative electrode.
Ambient Temperature
The average temperature in the vicinity of the battery.
Available Capacity
The capacity is actually available from a cell/battery. The available capacity is the capacity when it discharges at a specified hourly rate and is expressed in hour rate and Ah.
Built-In Thermostat
The built-in thermostat is a resettable switch built-in a battery for temporarily cut off the battery circuit when the temperature of the battery exceeds a preset value or when the battery charges/discharge at a higher rate than predetermined.
Capacity
The electric capability of a battery. It usually means ampere-hour capacity expressed in Ah or C(coulomb).
Cell
The minimum battery unit composes a storage battery. The nominal voltage of the cell of the lead-acid battery is 2V.
Charge Acceptance
Test of batteries to check whether or not they are adequately recharged after discharge.
Charging Efficiency
General term for ampere-hour efficiency and watt-hour efficiency. In many cases, however, it means the ampere-hour efficiency.
Constant Current Charge
A method of charging: to charge a battery with a constant current.
C-Rate
A charge or discharge current rate is expressed in A or mA. It is numerically the same as the hour rate capacity of a battery expressed in Ah of the rated capacity.
Cut-Off Voltage Of Discharge
The terminal voltage of a battery at which discharging should be discontinued. This voltage depends on discharge current, type of electrodes, and construction of the battery.
Cycle Life
The number of charge/discharge/rest cycles a cell/battery can provide. Cycle life is usually expressed by the number of cycles available before the duration of discharge decreases to half of the initial value.
Depth Of Discharge
A value to express the state of discharge of a battery. The depth of discharge is generally expressed by the ratio of discharge amount to the rated capacity of the battery.
Discharge Rate
The term to express the magnitude of discharge current. When assuming discharge current and time to discharge cut-off voltage t hours, this discharge is called t-hour rate(tHR) discharge, and the current is called t-hour rate discharge current. When time t is minutes instead of hours, tMR is used.
Duty Cycle
Test of batteries in ordinary use including charge, discharge, and rest.
Energy Density
Energy is available per unit Approx. mass or unit volume of a cell/battery. Energy density is expressed in Wh/kg or Wh/l.
Float Charge
The system in which a constant voltage is continuously applied to a battery connected to a rectifier in parallel with a load to maintain the battery in the charged state: on the occurrence of power failure or load variation, the battery supplies power to the load without any short break.
Gas Recombination Ability
The capability of a battery to recombine (or absorb) internally generated oxygen gas at the negative plate. The greater this capability is, the larger the available charge current.
High Rate Discharge
A very rapid discharge of a battery. (in many cases it means discharging at approx.1 CA or higher rate.)
Internal Pressure
The pressure within a sealed battery. The internal pressure of a battery is increased by oxygen gas which is generated from the positive plate at the end of charging.
Internal Resistance
The resistance within a battery; is the total of individual resistances of the electrolyte and the positive and negative plate. Internal resistance is simply measured with the current four-terminal method(1,000Hz) and expressed in the composite value of resistance component and capacitor component.
Internal Short-Circuit
Touching of the positive and negative plates within a call.
Low-Voltage Cut-Off
The circuitry is designed to discontinue the discharge of a battery at a predetermined voltage level.
Male Tab
The metallic pieces are attached to an SLA battery as the terminals.
Memory Effect
A phenomenon where a temporary drop of discharge voltage is observed during deep discharge of an alkaline rechargeable battery that has been subjected to shallow charge/discharge. Cycles or trickle charging over a long time.
Negative Plate
The battery electrode into which a current from the external circuit flows during discharging. The negative plate has a lower electric potential than the positive plate to the electrolyte. The negative plate is incorporated with connection parts such as the electrode pole.
Nominal Voltage
A nominal value indicates the voltage of a cell battery. Generally, the nominal voltage value of a battery is somewhat lower than its electromotive force. The nominal voltage of the lead-acid battery is 2.0 V per unit cell.
Open Circuit Voltage
The measured voltage of a cell/battery is electrically disconnected from the external circuit.
Over Charged
Continued charging of a fully charged cell/battery. With batteries that require watering, overcharge causes electrolysis of water, resulting in a rapid decrease of electrolytes. Generally, overcharge adversely influences battery life.
Over Discharged
Discharge of a battery to a voltage below a predetermined cut-off voltage.
Parallel Charge
Simultaneous charging of two or more batteries connected in parallel. In cyclic use of batteries, specifically, the parallel charge tends to cause an imbalance in charge state among the batteries, which may shorten their service life.
Polypropylene Resin
A plastic material that is often used for the case and cover of batteries.
Quick Charge(Rapid Charge)
Charging in a short time with a large current.
Rated Capacity
The stated capacity of a battery; namely, the ampere-hour amount can be drawn from the battery is fully charged state at a specified temperature, at a specified discharge rate, and to a specified cut-off voltage. The symbol CN may be used to express the rated capacity of the N-hour rate.
Refresh Charge(Auxiliary Charge)
Charging of a battery mainly to compensate for its self-discharge.
Residual Capacity
Residual capacity of a battery after partial discharge or after storage for a long time.
Self Discharge
Reduction in the capacity of a battery while no current is drawn by the external circuit. Self-discharge depends on temperature: the amount of discharge approximately doubles by each (10¡ãC) rise of ambient temperature.
Standby Use
The general term of constant standby battery systems. Batteries are kept charged by the trickle/float method at all times in preparation for unforeseen power disruptions.
Terminal Voltage At Discharge
The voltage of a battery during discharge.
Thermal Runaway
Such phenomena as an excessively high set-up voltage in constant-voltage charging of a battery and a very high battery temperature cause charge current to increase, which then raises the temperature further: this vicious cycle is called thermal runaway, which may, in the worst case, result in breakage of the battery due to heat.
Trickle Charge
To charge a battery in the state of disconnection from the load to compensate for its self-discharge.
Trickle Life
The service life of a battery in the trickle use. Usually, the trickle life is the time expressed in years before the dischargeable time of the battery decreases to half of the initial value.
Equipment or system which is automatically connected to the load to supply power if the main power fails.
Valve(One Way Valve)
a valve on each battery that automatically releases gas from the battery when the internal pressure of the battery exceeds a predetermined value: it prevents breakage of the battery due to excessive internal pressure caused by the gas generated by charging or other reasons. The valve also serves to prevent outside air from entering batteries.
